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Climate factors influence the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases, in addition to multiple human, biological, ecological determinants. Climatologists have identified upward trends in global temperatures and now estimate an unprecedented rise of 2.0 degrees C by the year 2100. Of major concern is that these changes can affect the introduction of mosquito-borne diseases, including malaria, dengue, and viral encephalitides, are among those diseases most sensitive to climate.
Climate change would directly affect disease transmission by shifting the vector´s geographic range and increasing reproductive and biting rates and by shortening the pathogen incubation period. Climate-related increases in sea surface temperature and sea level can lead to higer incidence of water-borne infectious and toxin-related illness, such as cholera and shellfish poisoning. ... (Patz JA et al)
